Researchers from the University of Granada and the Andalusian Health Service have been developed a new biomaterial for tissue engineering that uses decellularized sturgeon cartilage for the first time. This cartilage, which can later be recellularized, offers biocompatibility and shows great potential in vivo for the replacement of tissues that require long-term structural stability, such as the bone, cornea or, especially, cartilage.
Cartilage is a specialized connective tissue that has, among others, a special type of cell called chondrocyte, responsible for synthesizing a dense extracellular matrix (ECM). The most common problems associated with this tissue are age-related degeneration, traumatic injuries, and degenerative and autoimmune diseases.
In recent years, various natural and synthetic biomaterials have been studied for use in cartilage repair. Unfortunately, most of these cannot fully reproduce the microenvironment of native cartilage, which leads to the search for biomaterials suitable for in vivo regeneration of this tissue.
To overcome these limitations, the biomaterial developed uses sturgeon cartilage subjected to a mixed decellularization method, developed by the research group.
This biomaterial, which can also be recellularized with human cells, has great potential for regeneration in vivo, giving it the ability to be used in the repair of tissue injuries and for the treatment of various diseases.
The in vivo and in vitro studies carried out confirm the preservation of the fundamental properties of native cartilage, as well as high biocompatibility.
ADVANTAGES AND BENEFITS
• Biocompatible tissue.The studies carried out have not detected any type of local or systemic alteration or another type of adverse reaction, thus demonstrating the biocompatibility of this tissue.
• Low probability of immune rejection.The high conservation between species of the structural and functional proteins of the cartilage ECM allows their implantation with a low chance of immunological rejection in the host.
• Effectiveness in cultivating human cells on its surface, being able to subject the tissue to a recellularization process.
• Potentially useful for in vivo regeneration.The tissue of the invention, once subjected to the decellularization process, can reproduce the microenvironment of the native cartilage ECM, thus proposing itself as a biomaterial suitable for tissue engineering.
• Ease of molding.The biomaterial can also be presented as lyophilized dust, or diluted and then solidified, allowing easy manipulation to obtain the desired shape.
• Highly available and versatile raw material.The sturgeon cartilage used as a raw material in this invention is a tissue whose structure, volume and abundance make it a versatile product, easy to handle and with lower cost.
Applications
Regenerative medicine
Tissue engineering
Desired business relationship
Patent licensing
Granada University is one of the most important universities of Spain. The main goal is to transfer technology that our research groups, more than 500, are developing to the industries and companies which are able to take profit from them. It is a general University so Research and Development are offered in different fields like Health Science and Technology, Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics, Environment and Natural Resources, Biotechnology, Information and Communication Technologies, Social, Economic and Legal Sciences....
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