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Chimeric RNA, also known as fusion RNA, refers to RNA molecules that are formed as a result of the fusion of two or more different RNA transcripts. Chimeric RNA, a unique class of RNA molecules formed through various molecular mechanisms, such as trans-splicing, read-through transcription, and fusion genes. These hybrid transcripts play a significant role in diverse biological processes and have gained substantial attention in recent years.
What is Chimeric RNA?
Chimeric RNA, also known as fusion RNA, refers to RNA molecules that are formed as a result of the fusion of two or more different RNA transcripts. Chimeric RNA, a unique class of RNA molecules formed through various molecular mechanisms, such as trans-splicing, read-through transcription, and fusion genes. These hybrid transcripts play a significant role in diverse biological processes and have gained substantial attention in recent years.
Chimeric RNA Formation
Like mentioned earlier, the formation of chimeric RNAs involves multiple mechanisms. Chimeric RNA refers to a type of RNA molecule that is formed by the fusion of genetic material from two or more distinct genes. These chimeras can arise through different mechanisms, including chromosomal translocation, cis-splicing, or trans-splicing.
Chimeric RNAs have been observed in various organisms, including humans, and have been found to play a role in a variety of diseases, particularly cancer. They can contribute to tumorigenesis by generating abnormal proteins or disrupting normal cellular processes. Chimeric RNAs have also been implicated in other diseases, such as neurological disorders.
Sequencing Technologies for Chimeric RNA Detection
Chimeric RNA molecules, which arise from genomic rearrangements, alternative splicing, or fusion events, have emerged as crucial players in diverse biological processes and disease pathogenesis. Traditional sequencing methods, and next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies as well as emerging long-read sequencing platforms, have traditionally been employed for chimeric RNA detection.
Computational Analysis of Chimeric RNA Data
Chimeric RNA data analysis necessitates a multifaceted computational framework to unravel the intricacies inherent in these composite transcripts.
In general, analyzing chimeric RNA data involves several computational steps:
Preprocessing and quality control. Preprocessing chimeric RNA data mandates meticulous artifact filtering and curation of low-quality reads to ensure the integrity and reliability of subsequent analyses. By applying sophisticated techniques, such as noise reduction algorithms, sequence trimming, and adapter removal, spurious artifacts are mitigated, fostering robust downstream analysis.
Alignment and mapping. The alignment and mapping phase entails the meticulous alignment of sequencing reads to reference genomes or transcriptomes, thereby enabling the discernment of chimeric RNA junctions. This process necessitates the utilization of sophisticated alignment algorithms, including splice-aware aligners or de novo assembly methods, to accurately identify and characterize these fusion events.
Identification and quantification of chimeric RNA. It necessitates the deployment of specialized algorithms capable of deciphering the presence and relative abundance of chimeric transcripts. Advanced techniques, such as fusion gene detection algorithms, breakpoint analysis, or statistical modeling approaches, empower researchers to discern intricate patterns and uncover novel chimeric events lurking within the dataset.
D. Visualization and interpretation. Complex chimeric RNA structures present an intellectual challenge that demands state-of-the-art visualization and interpretation tools. These tools facilitate the comprehension of intricate chimeric RNA arrangements by offering visual representations, such as circular plots, heatmaps, or interactive networks. Integration with complementary datasets, such as gene expression profiles or functional annotations, enriches the interpretative capacity, unraveling potential functional roles and underlying mechanisms of chimeric RNA molecules.
CD Genomics is aiming at providing the research community with high-quality Next Generation Sequencing, high throughput microarray services. Due to the demand for our services has been increased; CD Genomics has already updated its technology platform to mainstream NGS and microarray instruments. At present, our senior bioinformaticians have ever viewed more than ten thousands of trace files and accumulated abundant experience with our Illumina HiSeq2000/2500, Illumia Miseq, Ion Torrent PGM, PacBio RS and ABI 3730/3730XL analyzers. We continue to work hard to offer you the same dependable services to pharmaceutical and biotech companies, as well as academia and government agencies for the purpose of satisfying all your sequencing or array needs.
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